Several factors can lead to urinary incontinence, including:
• Physical factors: Weakened bladder muscles, nerve damage, urinary tract infections, or hormonal changes.
• Medical conditions: Diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, or multiple sclerosis.
• Lifestyle factors: Excessive caffeine or alcohol consumption, obesity, and certain medications.

1. Stress incontinence: Leakage during activities that put pressure on the bladder, such as coughing, laughing, or lifting.
2. Urge incontinence: Sudden, intense urges to urinate, often due to overactive bladder muscles.
3. Overflow incontinence: Incomplete bladder emptying, leading to frequent dribbling.
4. Functional incontinence: Inability to reach the bathroom in time due to physical or mental impairments.

• Frequent, sudden urges to urinate.
• Inability to control urination during certain activities.
• Frequent leaking or dribbling of urine.
• Waking up multiple times at night to urinate.

Some preventive steps include:
• Regular pelvic floor exercises to strengthen bladder muscles.
• Maintaining a healthy weight.
• Avoiding bladder irritants like caffeine and alcohol.
• Practicing good bathroom habits, such as not holding urine for too long.